Elbows, Tees and Valves

When sizing supply systems, the friction contributed by elbows, tees and valves is computed in equivalent lengths of pipe. The table below provides information on the equivalent length of piping for various sizes of these devices.

Equivalent Length of Pipe to be Added for Fittings - Schedule 40 Pipe
Pipe Size in (mm)	Length to be Added Run
	Standard Elbow		Side Outlet Tee		Gate Valve		Glove Valve		Angle Valve
	Feet	m	Feet	m	Feet	m	Feet	m	Feet	m
1/2" (15)	1.3	0.40	3	0.91	0.3	0.09	14	4.27	7	2.13
3/4" (20)	1.8	0.55	4	1.22	0.4	0.12	18	5.49	10	3.05
1" (25)	2.2	0.67	5	1.52	0.5	0.15	23	7.01	12	3.66
1 1/4" (32)	3.0	0.91	6	1.83	0.6	0.18	29	8.84	15	4.57
1 1/2" (40)	3.5	1.07	7	2.13	0.8	0.24	34	10.36	18	5.49
2" (50)	4.3	1.31	8	2.44	1.0	0.30	46	14.02	22	6.71
2 1/2" (65)	5.0	1.52	11	3.35	1.1	0.34	54	16.46	27	8.23
3" (80)	6.5	1.98	13	3.96	1.4	0.43	66	20.12	34	10.36
3 1/2" (95)	8.0	2.44	15	4.57	1.6	0.49	80	24.38	40	12.19
4" (100)	9.0	2.74	18	5.49	1.9	0.58	92	28.04	45	13.72
5" (125)	11.0	3.35	22	6.71	2.2	0.67	112	34.14	56	17.07
6" (150)	13.0	3.96	27	8.23	2.8	0.85	135	41.15	67	20.42
8" (200)	17.0	5.18	35	10.67	3.7	1.13	180	54.86	92	28.04
10" (250)	21.0	6.40	45	13.72	4.6	1.40	230	70.10	112	34.14
12" (300)	27.0	8.23	53	16.15	5.5	1.68	270	82.30	132	40.23